Introduction:
Lymphedema is a common yet often overlooked complication following breast cancer treatment, significantly impacting a patient’s quality of life. This condition arises due to the removal or damage of lymph nodes, leading to fluid buildup and swelling in the affected limb.
In this case, a 46-year-old woman developed Stage 1 lymphedema in her left arm after undergoing a lumpectomy, radiation, and chemotherapy. Despite initial exercises, her swelling persisted, requiring physiotherapy interventions.
This article explores her journey, the challenges of cancer-related lymphedema, and the role of complete decongestive therapy in managing symptoms, improving function, and preventing further progression.
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Post-Treatment Challenges: Addressing Weakness and Swelling After Breast Cancer Surgery
A 46-year-old woman experienced stiffness in her left breast and consulted a general physician who referred her to an oncology team.
The patient was diagnosed with a cancerous nodule confirmed by mammogram and biopsy. She underwent primary treatment called Lumpectomy (breast-conserving surgery along with sentinel lymph nodes) followed by additional treatments like radiation therapy and chemotherapy.
After treatment, the patient developed weakness in her left arm and hand, affecting her activities of daily living. Her left upper limb started to swell, and she was advised to keep her arm elevated and perform arm pendular exercises during hospitalization.
The patient continued these exercises, but the swelling recurred despite improvements.
Understanding and Managing Cancer-Related Lymphedema: A Path to Recovery and Improved Quality of Life
Over time, the swelling in her left arm increased in circumference, and she was diagnosed with Stage 1 lymphedema in her left arm. Lymphedema is a chronic condition where fluid accumulation causes swelling in the extremities.
Cancer-related lymphedema, a secondary condition following cancer treatment involving the removal of cancerous tissue and affected lymph nodes, is a challenging complication that impacts quality of life.
Recent studies show that the prevalence of secondary lymphedema due to breast cancer treatment is 27% (Reference article: “Prevalence and incidence of cancer-related lymphedema in low and middle-income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis,” published in 2020).
The patient underwent physiotherapy sessions for complete decongestive therapy, which included manual lymphatic drainage, bandaging, exercise therapy, skin care, and self-care management. These interventions helped the patient manage her lymphedema with significant improvement. She received regular follow-up care and was educated on how to prevent the progression of lymphedema.
